Lesson 4

The First Infinitive Mode
(Affirmative)

 

This mode is conjugated as follows using the verb "saji" which means "to speak" :-

`nta-saji : that I might speak
`ntek-saji : that you might speak (m)
`nte-saji : that you might speak (f)
`ntef-saji : that he might speak
`ntes-saji : that she might speak
`nten-saji : that we might speak
`nteten-saji : that you might speak (plural)
`ntou-saji : that they might speak. --- and also:-
`nse-saji : that they might speak
`nte pason saji : that my brother might speak

Revision :

The Coptic word "ouwx" is pronounced as the English word " wash ", because the Coptic letter "ou" is pronounced as the English "w", and the Coptic letter "w" is pronounced as a long English"o", and the letter "x" is pronounced as English "sh"

So, the word "ti-ouwx" is pronounced as the English words " tea & wash ", put in juxta-position.
"ti-ouwx" means " I want".
`k-ouwx : means "you want"
`kouwx `nteksaji?: " Do you want that you might speak?"
aha, tiouwx `ntasaji? "Yes, I want that I might speak".
Also we can say: "tiouwx `e-saji" = " I want to speak."
tiouwx `ntekkati : "I want that you might understand".

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Correction of a word in Lesson 3:-

The Coptic word "qen" means "in" , not "is".

The First Infinitive Mood
(Negative)

This mood is conjugated as follows using the verb "saji" which means "to speak" :-

`nta-xtem-saji : that I might not spea
`ntek-xtem-saji : that you might not speak (m)
`nte-xtem-saji : that you might not speak (f)
`ntef-xtem-saji : that he might not speak
`ntes-xtem-saji : that she might not speak
`nten-xtem-saji : that we might not speak
`nteten-xtem-saji : that you might not speak (plural)
`ntou-xtem-saji : that they might not speak
`nte-xtem pason saji : that my brother might not speak
hwti : means " it is necessary : must "
hwti `nta-saji : "I must speak"
hwti `ntek-xtem-saji : "you must not speak"

The Definite Article (Plural)
The word "ni"

It means "the". It is used only for plural words, masculine & feminine

e.g.: ni-swni : the sisters

The indefinite Articles
"ou" & "han"

"ou" for the singular . It means in English " a " or "an".

"ou-son" = " a brother " / "ou-swni" = " a sister ".

"han" for the plural. The English Language has no plural indefinite article: e.g. "han-swni" = "sisters"

N.B. : 1) Sometimes the plural word has a special form different from the singular, e.g."ni-snyou" = "the brothers", while the singular : "pi-son"="the brother"

2) Pronounce snyou as follows : sniyyoo

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